Sunday, March 10, 2013

Without Magnesium, Vitamin D and Calcium Alone Will Not Prevent Bone Fractures

LOS ANGELES, March 6, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, a government-appointed panel of experts, recently issued a report stating that taking vitamin D and calcium supplements may not help prevent bone fractures in postmenopausal women, while also increasing the risk of kidney stones. [1]
"This is not surprising," says Carolyn Dean, MD, ND, magnesium expert and Medical Advisory Board member of the nonprofit Nutritional Magnesium Association, "because adequate levels of magnesium in the body are essential for the absorption and metabolism of vitamin D and calcium. Magnesium converts vitamin D into its active form so that it can help calcium absorption and help prevent clogged arteries by drawing calcium out of the blood and soft tissues back into the bones where it is needed to build healthy bone structure."
Nutrients act in a synergetic way in the body. Absorption and metabolism of a particular nutrient will be affected, to a greater or lesser degree, by the other nutrients available to the body. This is also true with vitamin D.
According to the nonprofit Vitamin D Council, "In order to receive the most health benefit from increased levels of vitamin D, the proper cofactors must be present in the body. Vitamin D has many cofactors, but the ones listed here are the most important, with magnesium topping the list: Magnesium, Vitamin K, Vitamin A, Zinc and Boron."
According to research studies, magnesium has been found to influence the body's utilization of vitamin D in the following ways: Magnesium activates cellular enzymatic activity. In fact, all the enzymes that metabolize vitamin D require it. [2,3] Low magnesium has been shown to alter, by way of decreasing, production of vitamin D's active form, 1,25(OH)2D (calcitriol).[4]
Magnesium is needed to exert positive influence over the human genome and may be involved in the genetic actions of vitamin D. Magnesium possibly has a role in vitamin D's effect on the immune system. [5]
Animal studies have shown magnesium is also necessary for vitamin D's beneficial actions on bone.[6,7] Dr. Dean concurs: "It is vitally important that studies on the efficacy of vitamin D and calcium in relation to bone health are not done in isolation in the absence of magnesium. The fact that magnesium works synergistically with vitamin D and calcium by stimulating the specific hormone calcitonin--which helps to preserve bone structure and draws calcium out of the blood and soft tissues back into the bones, preventing osteoporosis, some forms of arthritis and kidney stones-- cannot be overlooked."
Dr. Dean concludes, "The many studies pointing to the importance of these two nutrients to the prevention of both heart disease and osteoporosis, and the fact that magnesium can be found to increase the effectiveness of vitamin D and calcium, make finding out about this vital mineral that much more important."
A 32-page guide to the benefits of magnesium, along with magnesium deficiency symptoms, written by Dr. Dean, is available as a free download at the Nutritional Magnesium Association. 
About the Nutritional Magnesium Association: The nonprofit Nutritional Magnesium Association (NMA) is a trusted authority on the subject of magnesium and is a resource for all people affected by the widespread magnesium deficiency in our diets and the related health issues associated with this deficiency.
References:
  1. Moyer, V. A. Statement on behalf of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation to Prevent Fractures in Adults: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation. Ann Intern Med. 2013, Feb 26. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-158-9-201305070-00603.
  2. Zofkova, I., R. L. Kancheva. The Relationship between Magnesium and Calciotropic Hormones. Magnes Res. 1995 Mar; 8 (1): 77-84.
  3. Carpenter, T. O. Disturbances of Vitamin D Metabolism and Action during Clinical and Experimental Magnesium Deficiency. Magnes Res. 1988 Dec; 1 (3-4): 131-39.
  4. Saggese, G., S. Bertelloni, G. I. Baroncelli, G. Federico, L. Calisti, and C. Fusaro. Bone Demineralization and Impaired Mineral Metabolism in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. A Possible Role of Magnesium Deficiency. Helv Paediatr Acta. 1989 Jun; 43 (5-6): 405-14.
  5. McCoy, H., and M. A. Kenney. Interactions between Magnesium and Vitamin D: Possible Implications in the Immune System. Magnes Res. 1996 Oct; 9 (3): 185-203.
  6. Risco, F., and M. L. Traba. Bone Specific Binding Sites for 1,25(OH)2D3 in Magnesium Deficiency. J Physiol Biochem. 2004 Sep; 60 (3): 199-203.
  7. Risco, F., M. L. Traba, and C. de la Piedra. Possible Alterations of the In Vivo 1,25(OH)2D3 Synthesis and Its Tissue Distribution in Magnesium-Deficient Rats. Magnes Res. 1995 Mar; 8 (1): 27-35.
SOURCE: Nutritional Magnesium Association
Reprinted with kind permission from PRNewswire, Copyright PRNewswire 2013

nutraMetrix Isotonix® Magnesium

 

Primary Benefits of nutraMetrix Isotonix® Magnesium*:
  • Promotes head comfort
  • Promotes optimal muscle health and comfort
  • Helps maintain normal blood sugar levels
  • Supports a healthy sleep quality
  • Helps maintain normal blood pressure
  • Supports cardiovascular health
  • Promotes cognitive health
  • Supports bone health
  • Helps the body maintain a healthy (or sufficient or proper) level of magnesium, combating magnesium deficiency


Key Ingredients Found in nutraMetrix Isotonix® Magnesium*:

Magnesium (Citrate & Glycinate) 400 mg

Magnesium is a component of the mineralized part of bone and supports the normal metabolism of potassium and calcium in adults. It helps maintain normal levels of potassium, phosphorus, calcium, adrenaline and insulin. It also promotes the normal mobilization of calcium, transporting it inside the cell for further utilization. It plays a key role in supporting the normal functioning of muscle and nervous tissue. Magnesium promotes the normal synthesis of all proteins, nucleic acids, nucleotides, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, lipids and carbohydrates.

Magnesium is required for release of energy and it promotes the normal regulation of body temperature and proper nerve function, it helps the body handle stress, and it promotes a healthy metabolism. Magnesium works together with calcium to help maintain the normal regulation of the heart and blood pressure. Importantly, magnesium also supports the body’s ability to build healthy bones and teeth, and promotes proper muscle development. It works together with calcium and vitamin D to help keep bones strong. Magnesium also promotes cardiovascular health by supporting normal platelet activity and helping to maintain normal cholesterol levels.

Potassium (Bicarbonate) 150 mg

Potassium is an electrolyte stored in the muscles. Foods rich in potassium include bananas, oranges, cantaloupe, avocado, raw spinach, cabbage and celery. Potassium is an essential macromineral that helps maintain fluid balance in the body. It also supports a wide variety of biochemical and physiological processes. Among other things, potassium supports the normal transmission of nerve impulses, contraction of cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle, synthesis of nucleic acids, maintenance of intracellular tonicity and maintenance of normal blood pressure.

In 1928, it was first suggested that high potassium intake could help maintain cardiovascular health. Potassium supports normal muscle relaxation and insulin release. It also promotes glycogen and protein synthesis. Potassium is an electrolyte that promotes normal heartbeat. Potassium supports the body’s ability to regulate water balance, recover from exercise and eliminate wastes.

Scientific Support for nutraMetrix Isotonix® Magnesium*:
  • Houston M. The role of magnesium in hypertension and cardiovascular disease. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 13(11):843-7, 2011. Review.
  • Institute of Medicine. Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes: Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D and Fluoride. National Academy Press. Washington, DC, 1999.
  • Appel LJ. Nonpharmacologic therapies that reduce blood pressure: A fresh perspective. Clin Cardiol. 22:1111-5, 1999.
  • Svetkey LP et al. Effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure: Subgroup analysis of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) randomized clinical trial. Arch Intern Med. 159:285-93, 1999.
  • Peacock JM et al. Relationship of serum and dietary magnesium to incident hypertension: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Annals of Epidemiology. 9:159-65, 1999.
  • Widman L et al. The dose-dependent reduction in blood pressure through administration of magnesium. A double blind placebo controlled cross-over study. Am J Hypertens. 6:41-5, 1993.
  • Altura BM and Altura BT. Magnesium and cardiovascular biology: An important link between cardiovascular risk factors and atherogenesis. Cell Mol Biol Res. 41:347-59, 1995.
  • Wester PO. Magnesium. Am J Clin Nutr. 45:1305-12, 1987.
  • Saris NE, Mervaala E, et al. Magnesium: an update on physiological, clinical, and analytical aspects. Clinica Chimica Acta. 294:1-26, 2000.
  • Sanjuliani AF et al. Effects of magnesium on blood pressure and intracellular ion levels of Brazilian hypertensive patients. Int J Cardiol. 56:177-83, 1996.
  • Shechter M et al. Effects of oral magnesium therapy on exercise tolerance, exercise-induced chest pain, and quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 91:517-21, 2003.
  • Jee SH et al. The effect of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Am J Hypertens. 15:691-6, 2002.
  • Preuss HG, Gondal JA, Lieberman S. Association of macronutrients and energy intake with hypertension. J Am Coll Nutr. 15:21-35, 1996.
  • Shechter M et al. Oral magnesium therapy improves endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation.102:2353-58, 2000.
  • Khosh, F.  Natural approach to hypertension.  Alternative Medicine Review.  6(6), 2001.
  • Vormann J. Magnesium: nutrition and metabolism. Molecular Aspects of Medicine. 24:27-37, 2003.
  • Rude KR. Magnesium metabolism and deficiency. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 22:377-95, 1993.
  • Kobrin SM and Goldfarb S. Magnesium Deficiency. Semin Nephrol.10:525-35, 1990.
  • Lopez-Ridaura R et al. Magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in men and women. Diabetes Care. 27:134-40, 2004.
  • Paolisso G et al. Daily magnesium supplements improve glucose handling in elderly subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 55:1161-7, 1992.
  • Rodriguez-Moran M and Guerrero-Romero F. Oral magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and metabolic control in type 2 diabetic subjects. Diabetes Care. 26:1147-52, 2003.
  • Kobrin SM and Goldfarb S. Magnesium Deficiency. Semin Nephrol. 10:525-35, 1990.
  • Meyer KA et al. Carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and incident type 2 diabetes in older women. Am J Clin Nutr. 71:921-30, 2000.
  • Song Y et al. Dietary magnesium intake in relation to plasma insulin levels and risk of type 2 diabetes in women. Diabetes Care. 27:59-65, 2004.
  • Huerta MG, Roemmich JN, Kington ML, et al. Magnesium deficiency is associated with insulin resistance in obese children. Diabetes Care. 28:1175-81, 2005.
  • Sales CH et al. Influence of magnesium status and magnesium intake on the blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Clin Nutr. 30(3):359-64, 2011.
  • Trauninger, A., et al.  Oral magnesium load test in patients with migraine.  Headache.  42(4):114-119, 2002.
  • Sinclair, S., et al.  Migraine headaches: nutritional, botanical and other alternative approaches.  Alternative Medicine Review.  4(2):86-95, 1999.
  • Maizels, M., et al. A combination of riboflavin, magnesium, and feverfew for migraine prophylaxis: a randomized trial. Headache. 44(9):885-90, 2004.
  • Woolhouse, M. Migraine and tension headache--a complementary and alternative medicine approach. Aust Fam Physician. 34(8):647-51, 2005.  Review.
  • Brown R. and Gerbarg P. Herbs and nutrients in the treatment of depression, anxiety, insomnia, migraine, and obesity. J Psychiatr Pract. 7(2):75-91, 2001.
  • Peikert, A., et al.  Prophylaxis of migraine with oral magnesium:  Results from a prospective, multi-center, placebo-controlled and double-blind randomized study.  Cephalalgia. 16(4):257-63, 1996.
  • Mauskop, A., et al.  Role of magnesium in the pathogenesis and treatment of migraines.  Clin Neurosci.  5(1):24-27, 1998.
  • Demirkaya S et al. A comparative study of magnesium, flunarizine and amitriptyline in the prophylaxis of migraine. J Headache Pain. 1:179-86, 2000.
  • Wang, F., et al.  Oral magnesium oxide prophylaxis of frequent migrainous headache in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.  Headache.  43(6):601-610, 2003.
  • Tucker KL, Hannan MT, Chen H, Cupples LA, Wilson PW, Kiel DP. Potassium, magnesium, and fruit and vegetable intakes are associated with greater bone mineral density in elderly men and women. Am J Clin Nutr. 69(4):727-36, 1999.
  • Elisaf M, Milionis H, Siamopoulos K. Hypomagnesemic hypokalemia and hypocalcemia: Clinical and laboratory characteristics. Mineral Electrolyte Metab. 23:105-12, 1997.
  • Stendig-Lindberg G et al. Trabecular bone density in a two year controlled trial of peroral magnesium in osteoporosis. Magnes Res. 6:155-63, 1993.
  • Tranquilli AL et al. Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium intakes correlate with bone mineral content in postmenopausal women. Gynecol Endocrinol. 8:55-8, 1994.
  • Institute of Medicine. Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes: Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D and Fluoride. National Academy Press. Washington, DC, 1999.
  • New SA et al. Nutritional influences on bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study in premenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr. 65:1831-9, 1997.
  • Gruber H et al.  Magnesium deficiency: effect on bone mineral density in the mouse appendicular skeleton.  BMC Musculoskelet Disord.  4(1):7, 2003.
  • Ryder K et al.  Magnesium intake from food and supplements is associated with bone mineral density in healthy older white subjects.  J Am Geriatr Soc.  53(11):1875-1880, 2005.
  • Rude R et al.  Magnesium deficiency and osteoporosis: animal and human observations.  J Nutr Biochem.  15(12):710-716, 2004.
  • Bilbey, D.L. J., et al.  Muscle cramps and magnesium deficiency: case reports.  Can Fam Physician.  42:1348-51, 1996.
  • Dahle, L. O., et al.  The effect of oral magnesium substitution on pregnancy-induced leg cramps.  Am J Obstet Gynecol.  173(1):175-180, 1995.
  • Roffe, C., et al.  Randomised, cross-over, placebo controlled trial of magnesium citrate in the treatment of chronic persistent leg cramps.  Med Sci Monit.  8(5):CR326-CR330, 2002.
  • Saris, N.-E. L., et al.  Magnesium:  an update on physiological, clinical and analytical aspects.  Clinica Chimica Acta.  294:1-26, 2000.
  • Yu-Yahiro, J. A.  Electrolytes and their relationship to normal and abnormal muscle function.  Orthop Nurs.  13(5):38-40, 1994.
  • Brilla, L. R., et al.  Effect of magnesium supplementation on strength training in humans.  J Am Coll Nutr.  11(3):326-329, 1992.
  • Caddell JL. Magnesium deficiency promotes muscle weakness, contributing to the risk of sudden infant death (SIDS) in infants sleeping prone. Magnes Res. 14(1-2):39-50, 2001. Review.
  • Hornyak M et al. Magnesium therapy for periodic leg movements-related insomnia and restless legs syndrome: an open pilot study. Sleep. 21:501-5, 1998.
  • Popoviciu L et al. Clinical, EEG, electromyographic and polysomnographic studies in restless legs syndrome caused by magnesium deficiency (abstract). Rom J Neurol Psychiatry. 31:55-61, 1993.
  • Tanabe, K., et al.  Erythrocyte magnesium and prostaglandin dynamics in chronic sleep deprivation.  Clin Cardiol.  20(3):265-268, 1997.
  • Tanabe, K., et al.  Efficacy of oral magnesium administration on decreased exercise tolerance in a state of chronic sleep deprivation.  Jpn Circ J.  62(5):341-346, 1998.
  • Chollet D et al.  Blood and brain magnesium in inbred mice and their correlation with sleep quality.  Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol.  279(6):R2173-8, 2000.
  • Barker J.  Insomnia options; natural medicine choices.  Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients.  April 2004.
  • Sato-Mito N et al. The midpoint of sleep is associated with dietary intake and dietary behavior among young Japanese women. Sleep Med. 12(3):289-94, 2011.
  • Corsonello A et al. Serum magnesium levels and cognitive impairment in hospitalized hypertensive patients. Magnes Res. 14(4):273-82, 2001.
  • Saris, N.-E. L., et al.  Magnesium:  an update on physiological, clinical and analytical aspects.  Clinica Chimica Acta.  294:1-26, 2000.
  • Huskisson E et al. The influence of micronutrients on cognitive function and performance. J Int Med Res. 35(1):1-19, 2007. Review.
  • Guran T et al. Cognitive and psychosocial development in children with familial hypomagnesaemia. Magnes Res. 24(1):7-12, 2011.
  • Inna Slutsky et al. Enhancement of Learning and Memory by Elevating Brain Magnesium. Neuron. 65(2):165-77, 2010.

What Makes nutraMetrix Isotonix® Magnesium Unique?

Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body and supports more than 300 enzyme systems. It is required for energy, regulation of the body temperature, nerve function, adaptation to stress, metabolism and much more.

One of the main mechanisms of magnesium in the body is its support of normal protein synthesis. Normal protein synthesis relies on optimal magnesium concentrations, as magnesium supports the normal delivery to the building blocks of life – our DNA – of signals that trigger the expression of amino acids. In other words, this process supports the body’s normal ability to "make" proteins.

The recommended daily value for adults is 400 mg of magnesium. However, average daily intakes are much less. A study published in the Journal of Nutrition found that most U.S. adults – especially those over the age of 30 – were receiving, on average, approximately 290 mg of magnesium daily. That study also showed that dietary intake is particularly low among women.

Unfortunately, inadequate levels of magnesium have been linked to poorer concentration, memory and cognitive function and muscle discomfort. Sleep quality is associated with higher levels of magnesium and when these levels are low, sleep quality may suffer.

nutraMetrix Isotonix Magnesium provides the body with 100 percent of the recommended daily value of magnesium in a highly-bioavailable formula. Thanks to its unique formula, which includes two different types of magnesium to increase its absorption by the body, Isotonix Magnesium helps maintain normal blood pressure and supports bone health and sleep quality, while promoting head comfort and optimal muscle health.

Frequently Asked Questions about nutraMetrix Isotonix® Magnesium*:   

What benefits does magnesium provide the body?
With its involvement in supporting over 300 enzyme reactions, magnesium plays roles in many aspects of health. It is required for normal energy release, regulation of the body temperature, nerve function, adaptation to stress and metabolism.
With regards to bone health, it is an important component of the mineralized part of bone and supports the normal metabolism of calcium and potassium in adults. Magnesium works together with calcium and vitamin D to help keep bones strong and support bone mineral density.

Magnesium also supports muscle development and movement and the transmission of nerve impulses to the muscles. Studies clearly demonstrate the effects of supplemental magnesium on muscular health. Adequate magnesium levels are also important for cardiovascular health.

Studies show magnesium supports a regular heartbeat, thus promoting a healthy heart. Additionally, magnesium helps maintain normal blood pressure. Magnesium helps maintain normal blood pressure.

Magnesium supports normal protein synthesis. As such, there is evidence that magnesium helps maintain normal blood sugar levels.

How much magnesium should I be getting, and why do I need a magnesium supplement versus getting it from my normal diet?

The recommended daily intake for adults, established by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, states that adult males between the ages of 19 and 30 should be receiving 400 mg of magnesium daily. Adult females of the same age should receive 310 mg daily. For older males, the recommendation is 420 mg daily, while older females should consume 320 mg daily.

Daily lifestyle factors and poor dietary choices adversely affect the amount of magnesium we are ingesting. Foods rich in magnesium include whole grains, nuts and green vegetables, which are potent sources of magnesium because of their chlorophyll content. Meats, starches, dairy products and refined and processed foods – which make up a large portion of the typical diet in today’s society – contain low amounts of magnesium. High-fat diets not only provide lesser amounts of magnesium, but studies have shown that such a diet might even cause less magnesium to be absorbed by the body.

Even with a proper, balanced diet, the amount of nutrients in foods today vastly differs from those of even a generation ago. In addition, food preparation methods may decrease the magnesium content of food. For these reasons, it is important to help balance our diets with nutritional supplements that can provide additional nutritional assistance.

Why were these forms of magnesium (citrate and glycinate) chosen?
Both of these forms of magnesium were carefully chosen based on the latest scientific rationale, as they have been shown to have excellent oral absorption rates and work well within the Isotonix® delivery system.

What is the Isotonix delivery system, and how does it work?

Isotonic, which means “same pressure,” bears the same chemical resemblance of the body’s blood, plasma and tears. All fluids in the body have a certain concentration, referred to as osmotic pressure. The body’s common osmotic pressure, which is isotonic, allows a consistent maintenance of body tissues. In order for a substance to be absorbed and used in the body’s metabolism, it must be transported in an isotonic state.

When an isotonic substance enters the body, it will be absorbed into the bloodstream rapidly. Isotonix dietary supplements are delivered in an isotonic solution, allowing nutrients to pass directly into the small intestine and be rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream. With Isotonix products, little nutritive value is lost, making the absorption of nutrients highly efficient while delivering maximum results.

Does this product need to be taken on an empty stomach?

Yes. For maximum absorption, the product should be taken on an empty stomach.

Is there anyone who should not take this product?
Anyone who has an ongoing medical condition, is pregnant or breastfeeding, or is taking prescription medication should speak with their healthcare provider before taking this product. Also, magnesium should be used cautiously by those with reduced kidney function.

What other health & nutrition products would complement Isotonix Magnesium?
The benefits of nutraMetrix Isotonix Magnesium are complemented by nutraMetrix Isotonix OPC-3®, nutraMetrix Isotonix Calcium Plus, nutraMetrix Isotonix Vitamin D with K2 and Heart Health™ Omega III Fish Oil
with Vitamin E.


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